What is Diabetic Retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy is a common eye complication from diabetes. It affects the blood vessels in the retina, which is the light-sensitive part at the back of your eye. Over time, high blood sugar can damage these tiny vessels. As a result, vision problems may develop. In fact, diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of vision loss in adults. However, early detection and care can help prevent serious problems. According to the CDC, regular eye exams are key for people with diabetes.
Causes of Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy happens when high blood sugar harms the blood vessels in your retina. Over time, these vessels can leak fluid or bleed. Sometimes, new but weak blood vessels grow, which can also cause trouble. Several factors increase your risk:Having diabetes for many yearsPoor blood sugar controlHigh blood pressureHigh cholesterolPregnancy (for women with diabetes)Smoking
Because these risks add up, it is important to manage your health closely.
Symptoms and Warning Signs
At first, diabetic retinopathy may not cause any symptoms. Still, as the disease gets worse, you may notice changes in your vision. Watch for these diabetic eye disease symptoms:Blurry or wavy visionDark spots or floaters in your sightDifficulty seeing at nightSudden loss of visionColors appearing faded
Even if you do not notice changes, regular eye checks are vital. Early stages often have no warning signs, but damage can still occur.
How Diabetic Retinopathy is Diagnosed
Doctors use a simple eye exam to check for diabetic retinopathy. During the exam, your eye specialist will:Use eye drops to widen your pupilsLook inside your eyes with a special lightTake pictures of your retina
Sometimes, further tests like optical coherence tomography (OCT) or a dye test (fluorescein angiography) help show blood vessel changes. Because early detection is key, the American Diabetes Association recommends yearly eye exams for people with diabetes.
Treatment Options
Treatment for diabetic retinopathy depends on how severe it is. In early stages, good blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol control can slow the disease. However, advanced cases may need more care. Treatment options include:Laser therapy to seal leaking blood vesselsInjections of medicine into the eye to reduce swellingEye surgery (vitrectomy) to remove blood or scar tissue
Because each case is different, your eye doctor will suggest the best plan for you.
Prevention and Lifestyle Tips
Although diabetic retinopathy can be serious, you can take steps to lower your risk. Here are some helpful tips for vision loss prevention:Keep your blood sugar in target rangeManage blood pressure and cholesterolDo not smokeEat a balanced dietExercise regularlyHave regular eye exams, even if you feel fine
Because prevention works best, start healthy habits early and stick with them.
When to See an Eye Specialist
If you have diabetes, schedule a full eye exam at True Vision Eye Hospital at least once a year. However, see an eye specialist right away if you notice:Sudden vision changesBlurry or double visionDark spots or floatersPain or pressure in your eyes
Early treatment can help protect your sight. Don’t wait for symptoms to get worse—book an appointment with us today.
In summary, diabetic retinopathy is a serious but manageable eye condition. Regular checkups, healthy habits, and early care can help prevent vision loss. Consult the expert team at True Vision Eye Hospital for personalized advice and regular screenings